Computing-scale.



A. DE iILBIss, JB.

COMPUTING SCALE. APPLIUATION FILED JAN.9,198.

Patented 061;. 12,1909..j

nur eran .ALLEN DE VILBISS, JR., OF TOLEDO, OHIO,

ASSIGNOR TO TOBEDO CUMPUTING SCALE COMPANY, OF`TOLEDO, OHIQA CLORPORATEION NEW'JERSEY Application ld January 9,

To all whom it mayoncem." l l Be it knownzthat I, ALLnN-DEvVinniss, J r., l-

a citizen of the VUnited States,residing.` atri Toledo, in the county of Lucas-andStateof l Ohio, have invented certainznew andfuseful.` Improvements in Computing- Scales, of. whichthe following isa specification..

The chief object of the presentl inven'tionl is to etl'ectually guard against. erroneous-l reading of a chart of coniputing'scales as canbedone in some-forms'ofzsuch apparatus bydirecting'. the line of vision. from above or below a point immediately in front of the' reading; line. For example, in computing'.- scales of: the familiar drum or cylinder type L where the computations are arranged. in cir.F cumferential series on a cylinder, it is posg sible by looking fronra point above thatl directly in frontof the reading line toread a greater value on the chart thanthatactually corresponding'with the weight of the article i whose value is being-computed. (ln account l of the'necessarily light construction. of the j cylinder in such an apparatus and the necessity for allowing some clearance between the i surface ofthe cylinder and the wire which g is customarily employed to guide the eyein reading the chart, opportunity is aarded forA viewing the chart from such an angle-astel have such wire'intersect appreciably higher computations on the chart than when viewed:v on a horizontal line.. By the present invention such erroneous or dishonest use of scales is prevented by coniining, the lineofvision to one directly in line-with the proper computations on the chart, though no special provision is made for preventingv the reading of the-chart in such a way as to indicato-less thanfthe correct values because-there would'- be no incentive -'or so reading the chart;

The drawings which'accompany and form. part 'of this specification illustnateapre terred form of embodiment of the invention Specification of Lbtters Patent;

as applied to a familiar' type of computing scales.

Figure l,represents-a:portion of said vscales i in front elevation as-viewed from theusers view of vft-portion off the scalesshown'in Fig. l; Figi 3 represents a section taken onthe line 3*3 of Fig; l; Fig. #il is aisectionalde tail taken on the line Ll---Ll of Fig. 2;Fig.' 5, is a section-on the line :S+-fief Fig'rlf; ando Fig. Gla'diagrami The reference numeral 2zdesignatesthe@ side ofr the'scale's; F 1g: 2V represents anl end i usuall drum` or barrel-shaped inclosing: casing and- 3the cylinden or; drum. journaledw therein and bearing al centrally located. circumferential weight scale 4s andy on either side thereof circumferential rovvsol com- Patentedl @ich 12', i909. was., serial No. waste.

putationl graduatione- 5.- llhe f inclosing casf l 1.*7 lills the frontl part! of' this frame and back.

of. that there isA supported a: magnifying glass 8: Between. the-magnifying glass and. the cylinder.l there-is stretchedI ai wire; 9:.

VVlien/the-cylinder is turnedbythe weight of goede it: moves in the: direction; of lthe ar j rowz (l+`ig..3); andthechart shouldbe-read froinapoint directly in front' andren afhoni'fv zontalf line so that' the correct computation q will befdetermined 1 by the :intersection of theI wine` 9A with the graduations immediately 'behind-thesame. However,.owingtofthenecessity fon some spacingf between. the' wire and the cylinder it is possible by'viewingfthe' scalesfrom. ai point above the. horizontal: to

have the wire intersect' agraduation; some.- degreesin admnceof the'correctone, thus denoting zu higher valueftlian-shouldbe com` puted; as diagramniatically illustrated ini; Ewig. (j: v v l lilcarrying: outthe present invention a,- pairof brackets 10V are securedzt'othe' ends of. the frame 61 and project' outwardly-` andV upwardly andv rearwardly. therefrom.. Be* tweencntler portionsv of.' thesebrackets there issupported: a guard orI shield compris-ing; a metal plate 11 flanged as shownzin Fig.y

- :india reflecting glassl-lheld'by the flanges.

This shield or Vguard'is soymounted thatjitslower: longitudinalredge is in the horizontal. plane ofi the readingwire 9v as indicated in Figf and the shield-or guard when in use stands upright. Hence itI serves to'vohstructany line of vision-.which would. enable such aniincorrect' reading'ol' theohart tobe had as that above mentioned,

'llheI weight' scale is .not so finely.' Subdividedlas the computationscales and-there is-not' the same-chance forn'erronemlsl freadiii-git' by lookingffrom'above nor isnt off aamuchrimportance to' tensive View of the Weight scale the shield or guard above described is cut away in the middle as shown at 13. ljreterably a Wire let is run through the lower flanged portion of the metal bach ll of the shield or guard and extended across the cut-away portion 13 so as to aline with the reading Wire 9 over the Weight scale.

The aboveedescribed shield or guard is preferably pivoted or pivotally mounted so to be angularly adjustable with reference to the chart. 'lhus the reecting glass 12 can be used to the best advantage tor throvl ing light upon the chart. The means here shovn for effecting the pivotal mounting of the shield comprise screw-threaded bosses i5 formed on the end pieces 16 of the shield, and thumb screws i7 passing loosely through apertures in the brackets l0 and screwing into said bosses. lt Will be seen that by this simple arrangement angular adjustment oi? the shield or guarl is made possible and the securing` oi? it at. dilerent adjustments.

As in the use or thescales the `-iositioai occupied by tl may such as to cause the above-desc ed shield or guard to cast a shadow pon the chart hn *i .lid employed an additional reflector when the light `ilres from 'the ont or" the scales it -will be r '.dected to the ss 12 and thence to the chart. is reflector is con structed quite similarly7 to the shield or guard already' described. comprise" metal backing 18 to hold reflecting glass 19, anc 1 nes 20 with bosses such those a ady described. rlaumb screvrs 2l are f loyed, the same passing` through apertl res in the rear pa; of the brackets l0 a engag' the said bosses so that the reflector can. ce angularly adjusted to suit varying requirements in the mattei' of casting light upon the chart and secured at different adiustments.

lt will he seen that the above-described construction is Well adapted to tulil the objectprimarily stated. lt isto be noted that the lower longitudinal edge ot shield or guard is in alie-ement with the anis on Which this shield or guard turns when being angularly adjustel. Hence the relation between this lower longitudinal edge and the reading Wire 9 is unaffected by such adjustment of the shield or guard. T-l/ll'iile the shield or guard prevents reading ein' the chart from an elevated point it does not obstruct the vision from bel-ow and hence presents no ditliculty in the matter of gaining a sullicient view of the chart to clearly see the computation numeral. @f course a reading of the chart from so lov,7 a point as to make thereading Wire 9 cut or intersect a lower computation than the proper one is cino consequence because the scales i; @caser incentive for the user to eontrive to so read the chart.

lt is ot course to be understood that the construction here shown and described may be modified and that the invention is not limited to the details of that construction.

lil/That is claimed is:

l. ln apparatus of the character described., the combination with an inclosing casing having a display aperture and a body supplying a reading line extending across the same, and a movable body Within said casing and bearing a table or chart ot graduations for series of computations by diiiering prices per unit ot measure; of a guard or shield obstructing a line ot sight which would taire in the reading line as intersect ing that portion or the chart bearing higher value computation graduations than. those immediately behind the reading line.

F2. ln apparatus or the character described the combination with an. inclcsing casi having a display aperture and a body si plying a reading line extending across t sa ic5 and a movable body iv i said casing bearing a table or chart gradiuv r of comprit' .ns by t erinfff i per unit of measure; oi e guard saield i the chart and Casin"I nd ober which we 5 l the reading line i of the y li inclosing casini-- lr. .perture and body supp. ine extending across the sa ole body within said cas-- :Fable or chart ot graduacomputations by littering f measure; oli a guard or c substantially in a reading line and vtlie ot the chart immediately behind the atter,

of *he character described, n viir'n an inclosing casing having a lay aperture and a body supplying a veading line extending across the same, and movable body Within said casing and burning a table or chart et graduations for ser'es or' computations by ditering prices per unit of measure; or a guard or n au sara tus the com ^i `shield snaced from the chartl and casing and having one eo 'e substantially in a plane embracing the rea ng line and 'the portion the chart immediately behind the latter. 5. ln apparatus of the character described, the combination with an inclosing casing having a display aperture and a body supplying reading ae extending across the same, and a inoval` body Within said casing and bearing table or chart of graduations :tor series of computations by differing prices .he chars ctcr descrmed,-

geese? per unit of measure; of a guard or-shield spaced from the chart and casing and obstructing a line of sight which would take in the reading line as intersecting that portion of the chart bearing higher value computation graduations than those immediately behind the reading line, said shield having a reflecting inner surface to cast light upon the chart. l

6. In apparatus of the character described, the combination with an 'inclosing 'casing having a display aperture anda body supplying a reading line extnding across the same, and a movable body Within said casing and bearing a table or chart of graduations for series of computations by diering prices per unit -of measure; of a guard or shield spaced from lthe chart and casingy and having one edge substantially in a plane embracing the reading line and the portion of the chart immediately behind the latter, said shield having a reflecting inner surface to cast light upon the chart.

7 In apparatus of the character described, the combination with an inclosing casing having a display aperture and a body supplying a reading line extending across the same, and a movable bodywithin said casing and bearing -a table or `chart of graduations for series 0f computations by differing prices per unit of measure; of a guard or shield spaced from the chart and casin and obstructing a line of sight which would take in the reading lineasintersecting that portion of the chart bearing higher value computation graduations than those immediately behind the reading line, said shield' having a reflecting inner surface to cast light upon the chart and being adjustable to varying angles; substantially asand for the purpose described. l

8. In apparatus of the character described, the combination with an inclosing casing having a display aperture and a body supplying a reading line extending across the same, and a movable body' Within said casing and bearing a table or chart of graduations forseries of computations by d1ifering prices per unit of measure; ofv a guard or shield spaced from thechart and casing arid' having one edge substantially in a plane embracing the readingy line and the portion of the chart immediately behind the latter, said shield having 'a vreflecting inner surface toc-ast light upon the chart andbeing adjustable to varying angles; substantially as and for the purpose described. l

' 9. In apparatus of the character described, the ycombination with an inclosing casing having a display aperture and a body supplying a reading line extending across the same, and a movable body within said casing and bearing a table or chart of graduations for series of computatiosby didering prices per unit of measure; of a guard or shield spaced :from the chart and casing and obstructing a line of sight which would take in the reading line as intersecting that portion of the chart bearing higher value computareflecting inner surface to cast light upon the chart and being pivotally mounted and adjustable to varying angles; substantially as and for the purpose described.

10. In apparatus of the character described, the combination with an inclosing casing having a display aperture and a body supplying a reading line extending across the same, and a movable body Withinv said casing and bearing a table or chart of graduations for series of computations by differing prices per unit of measure;of a` guard or shield spaced from the chart and casing and having one edge substantially in a plane embracing the reading' line and the portion of the chartimmediately behind the latter, said vshield having a reflecting inner surface to castlight upon Ithe chart and being pivotally mounted and adjustable to varying angles; substantially as and for the purpose described.

`prices per unit of measure; of a guard or .shield spaced from the chart and casing and obstructing a lineof sight which would take in the reading line as intersecting that porvtio of the chartbearing higher Value computation graduations than those immediately behind the rea-ding line, said shield having a reflecting inner surface to cast light upon the chart, and a second reflector to cast light upon the said surfaceofsaid shield.l p

12. In apparatus of the character de- `scribed, the combination with an inclosing casing having a display aperture and a body supplying areading line extending across the same, and a movable body`within saidcasing and bearing a table or chart of graduations for series of computations by dider# ing prices per unit of measure; of a guard or shield spaced from the chart and casing and haring one edge. substantially in a plane. embracing the reading line and the portion" of the chartimmediately behind the latter,

said shield having a reflecting inner surface to cast lightupon the chart, and a second refiector to cast light upon the said-surface of said shield.

13. In apparatus of the character de scribed, the combination with an inclosing casing having a display aperture and va body supplying a reading line extending across the same, and a movable body within said Cil casing and bearing a table or chart of graduations for series of computations by diti'ei'ing prices per unit of measure; of a guard or shield spaced trom the chart and casing and l obstructing a line of sight which would take in the reading` line as intersecting` that portion oi' the chart bearing higher Value computation graduations than those unmediately behind the reading line, said shield i having a reflecting inner surface to cast light upon the chart and being adjustable to varying angles, and a second reflector to cast light upon the said surface ot' said shield, said second reflector being likewise adjustable.

14. ln apparatus of the character described, the combination with an iiiclosing casing having a display aperture and a body supplying a reading line extending across j the same, and ay movable body Within said casing and bearing a table or chart or gra duations for series ot' computations by littering prices per unit oit measure; ot a guard or shield spaced from the chart and casing and having one edge substantially iii a plane embracing the reading line and the portion of the chart immediately behind the latter, said shield having a reflecting inner surtace to cast light upon the chart and being'i adjustable to varying angles, and a second retlector to cast light upon the said surface i of said shield, said second reflector beingi likewise adjustable.

l5. ln apparatus of the character def scribed, the combination with an inclosing casing having a display aperture and a body supplying a reading line extending across the saine, and movable body Within said casing and bearing table or chart ot graduations for series ot computations by 'diftering prices per unit otiineasure; ot' a guard or shield spaced from the chart and casing and obstructing a line oit' sight which would taire in the reading line as intersecting that portion ot the chart bearing higher value l computation graduations than those iinmei diately behind the reading line, said shield hai/ing a reflecting inner surface to cast light upon the chart and being pivctally mounted and adjustable to varying angles, and a second pivotally mounted and adjustable re Hector to cast light upon the said surface ot i j said shield` 1G., lin apparatus oi" the character described, the combination with an inclosing casing haring a display aperture and a body supplying a reading line extending across the same, and a movable body within said casing and bearing a table or chart of graduations for series of computations by diiieering prices per unit oi measure and a centrally located weight scale; olf a guard or shield obstructing a View ot' the reading line as intersecting that portion ot the chart ci;- posed by the display aperture, which portion cease? l bears higher value computation graduations l than those immediately behind the reading f line, said shield being cut away to fully exl pose as inuch of the Weight scale as the disi play aperture exposes.

17. ln apparatus of the character described, the combination with an inclosing casing having a display aperture and a body l supplying a reading line extending across 1 t-lie saine, and a movable body Within said casing and bearing a table or chart ot gradnations tor series or" computations by dit'- l tering prices per unit ot' measure and a centrally located weight scale; ot a guard or l shield spaced l'roin the chart and casi g and obstructing a line of sight which would take in the reading line as intersecting that portion of the chart bearing higher value coniputatioii graduations than those immediately j behind the reading line, said shield being out away to fully expose as inuch of the Weight scale as the display aperture exposes.

18. ln apparatus of the character described, the combination with an inclosing casing haring a display aperture and a body supplying al reading line extending across the saine, and a movable body within said casing and beaiig a table or chart of gradj nations for series` of computations by ditl tering prices per unit of measure and a j centrally located Weight scale; of a guard or shield and casing and obstructing a line j of sight which would take in the reading line as intersecting that portion of the chart bearing higher Value computation graduations than those immediately behind the reading liuc, said shield being cut au'ay to fully expose as much oit the Weight scale the display aperture exposes, andrhai'ing aI reading line extending across the cutaway portion to register with the iirst-nientioned reading line.

l). ln apparatus oli the character described, the combination with an inclosing j casing having a display aperture and a body l supplying a reading line extending across l the sanie, and a movable body within said l casing and bearing a table or chart oi graduations for series ot computations by dititering prices per unit oi measure and a centrally located weight scale; ol a guard or shield spaced from the chart and casing and obstructing a line ol. sight which Would take in 'the reading line as intersecting that portion or' the chart bearing higher value coii'iputation gi'aduatioiis than those immel diately behind thi reading` line, said shield being cut away to Vhilly expose as much oi the Weight scale as the display aperture exposes, and haviug'a reading line extending j across `the cut-away portion to register with l the hist-mentioned reading line.

20. ln apparatus oi the character del scribed, the combination with a horizontally arranged cylindrical casing having a lonmeer `with a longitudinal edge in a plane of the reading line and the axis of the cylinder.

2l. In apparatus of the 'character de'- scribed, the combination with a horizontally arranged cylindrical casing having 'a longitudinal display aperture and a body supplying a reading line extending from side to side thereof spaced from its top and bottom, and a cylinder mounted to rotate within said casing fand bearing a chart or table. ofci-rcumferen'tial vseries of .graduations for computations by differing prices per unit of measure; of a guard or shield mountedin-'front of the display aperture and spaced therefrom With'a longitudinal edgev in aplane of the reading line Aand the axis of the cylinder. y

22.111 apparatus of the character devscribed, the combination lwith a horizontally arian ed cylindrical casing having a longitudinal display aperture and a body supplying a reading line extending from side to side thereof spaced from its top and bottom, and a cylinder mounted to rotate Within said casing and bearing a chart or tions for computations by differing prices per unit of measure; of a uard or shield mounted in front of the display aperture and spaced therefrom with a longitudinal edge in a plane of the readin line and the axis of the cylinder, said shiel having a reflecting inner surface to cast light upon the chart.

23. ln apparatus of the character de scribed, the combination with a horizontally arranged cylindrical casing havin-g allen-gitudinal display aperture and a body supply-A in a reading line .extending from side to si e thereof spaced from its top and bottom, and a cylinder mounted to rotate within said casing and bearing a chart or table of circumferential series'of graduations for com-` putations by diifei/ing p i'ices pery unit of measure; of a. uard'or shield mounted in front of the display aperture and spaced therefrom with a longitudinal edge in a plane-,of vthe reading line and the axis of the cylinder and beingadjustable to Varying angles; substantially as and for the purpose described. I

24;. In apparatus of the character deJ scribed, the combination With'a horizontallyl arranged cylindrical casing havin a lon itudinal display aperture and a bo y supp y-.

ing a reading .line extending from side to side thereof spaced from its topl and bot toni, and `a cylinder mounted to rotate within said casing and bearing a chart or tabl-e of circumferential series of graduations for computati-ons by diifering prices per unit ofmeasure; of auard or shield .mounted in front of the display aperturey 'and spaced therefrom with a longitudinal arranged cylindrical casing' having a longitudinal display aperture and a body supplying a reading lineextendi-ng' from side to si e thereof spaced from its top and bottom, and a cylinder mounted to rotate Wit-hin said casing and bearing a chart or table of cirL cuniikireiitial series of graduations for coin'- putations by differing prices per unit of measure; of a guard or shield mounted' in front of the display aperture and spaced therefrom with a longitudinal edge in a plane of the reading line and the axis of the cylinder, said shield having a reflecting in ner surface to cast light upon the chart; and a second redector to cast light upon the said 'surface of' said shield'.

In apparatus of the character described, the combination Witha horizontally arranged cylindrical casing having a' lon i-l table 9f circumferential series of gradua" g turlina-l display aperture and a body supplying a read-ing line extending from side to side thereof saaced from its top and bottom, and a cylin er mounted to rotate within said casing and bearing a chart or table of circumferential series of graduartions for computations by didering prices per unit of measure; of a guard or shield mounted front of the display aperture and: spaced therefrom with a longitudinal edge in' a plane of the reading line and the axis of the cylinder, said shield being adjustable to varying angles and having a reecting inner side; and a second lreflector adated to cast light upon said inner surface oy the shield, siiid second reflector being likewise adjust-v a e.

27. hn apparatus of the character de` scribed, the combination with a horizontally arranged' cylindricalcasing havin a longtudinal ydisplayaperture and a bo y supplyin 'a' reading line extending from side to sigo thereof spaced from its top and bottom, and a cylinder mounted to rotate Within said casing and bearing a chart or table of circumferential series of graduations for computations by differing prices per unit of measure; of a guard or shield in front of the display aperture and spaced therefrom with a longitudinal edge in a plane of the reading line and the axis of the cylinder, said esaecr shield having a reflecting surface to cast 3l. In apparatus of the character described,

light upon the chart and being pivotally mounted and adjustable to varying angles,-

and a second pivotally mounted and adjustable reflector t'o cast light upon the said suiface of said shield.

28. In apparatus of the character described, the combination with a horizontally arranged cylindrical casing having a longitudinal display aperture and a body supplying a reading line extending from side to side thereof spaced from its top and bottom, and a cylinder mounted to rotate Within said casing and bearing a chart or table of circumferential series of graduations for computations by didering prices per unit of measure and a centrally located weight scale; of a guard or shield mounted in front of the display aperture and spaced therefrom with a longitudinal edge in a plane of the readin line andthe axis of the cylinder, said shield being cut away to fully expose as much of the weight scale as the display aperture exposes. 4 l

29. In appara-tus of the character described, the combination with a horizontally arranged cylindrical casing having a longitudinal display aperture and a body supplying a reading line extending from side to side thereof spaced from its top and bottom, and a cylinder mounted to rotate within said `casing and bearing a chart or table of circumferential series of graduations for computations by differing prices per unit of measure and a centrally located Weight scale; of a guard or shield mounted in front of the 4display aperture and spaced therefrom with a longitudinal edge in a plane of the reading line and the axis of the cylinder, said shield being cut away to fully expose as much of the weight s cale as the display aperture exposes and having a reading line extending across the cut-away portion to egister with the first-mentioned reading ine.

30. In apparatus of the character described, the combination with a horizontally arranged cylindrical casing having a longitudinal display aperture and a body supplying a reading line extending from side to side thereof spaced from its top and bottom, and a cylinder mounted to rotate within said casing and bearing a chart or table of circumferential series of graduations for computations by differing prices per unit of measure; of brackets projecting forward at opposite sides of-the casing, and a shield or guard carried by said brackets with a longitudinal edge in a plane of the reading line and the axis ofthe cylinder.

the combination with a horizontally ar- ;ranged cylindrical casing having a longitudinal display aperture and a body supplying a reading line extending from side to side thereof spaced from its top and bottom, and a cylinder mounted to rotate within said casing and bearing a chart or table of circumferential series of graduations for computations by differing prices per unit of measure;

of bracketsl projecting forward at opposite sides of the casing, and a shield or guard pivotally and adjustably supported by said brackets with a longitudinal axial edge in a plane of the reading line and the axis of the cylinder, said shield having a reflecting inner surface. A

In apparatus of the character described, the combination with a horizontally arranged cylindrical casing having a longitudinal display aperture and a body supplying a reading line extending from side to side thereof spaced from its top and bottom, and a cylinder mounted to rotate Within said casing and bearing a chart or table of circumferential series of graduations for computations by differing prices per unit of' measure; of brackets projecting forward at opposite sides of the casing, and a shield or guard carried by said brackets with a longitudinal edge in a plane of the reading line and the axis of the cylinder, said shield or guard having a reflecting inner surface, and a second reflector also carried by said brackets and arranged to cast light upon said refiecting surface of the shield or guard.

ln apparatus of the character described, the combination with a horizontally arranged cylindrical casing having a longitudinal display aperture and a body supplying a reading line extending from side tp side thereof spaced from its top and bottom, and a cylinder mounted to rotate Within said casing and bearing a chart or table of circumferential series of graduations for coinputations by differing prices per unit of measure; of brackets projecting forward at opposite sides of the casing, a shield or guard pivotally'and adjustably supported by said brackets with a longitudinal axial edge ina plane of the reading line and the axis of the cylinder, said shield having a reflecting inner surface, and-a reflector pivotally and adjustably supported by said brackets to cast light upon the said inner surface of the shield.

ALLEN DEVILBISS, JR. Witnesses:

WM. l). LlVALKiiiz, C.' C. LAKE. 

